UFTO Notes Archives - Page 25 of 52

Clean Power Road Map

May 14, 1998/0 Comments/in Research, UFTO Notes /by beardsworth

Clean Power Generation Technologies Road Map

DOE is embarking on a series of vision setting and planning exercises that may significantly impact the direction of Federal research. These “Roadmapping” exercises are underway or planned in the areas of environmental management, fossil energy and energy efficiency/ renewable energy programs, as well as other selected programs within the Office of Energy Research.

The “Clean Power Generation Technologies Road Map” will examine a full range of production options, plus end-use efficiency, power transmission and distribution and the effect of regulatory structures. The effort spans both fossil and efficiency divisions of DOE, to help government and industry to: – determine the technology requirements to produce clean, affordable, and reliable power generation options – identify the federal, state, and industry roles in technology development, and – define the timing of needed RD&D investments over the next several decades.

The road map is to cover all fuel forms, conversion and enabling technologies (e.g. storage), and waste streams and effluents related to stationary power generation, including both central and dispersed generation, and co-production of electricity with steam, fuels, chemicals and gases. In light of climate concerns, a long term view will reach to 2100, with emphasis on the 2020-2050 time frame.

The road map is due to be completed in 2Q 1999. Initial work will be by a core group of about 12 persons, who will develop the overall vision and “destinations”, and oversee the roadmap process. The first “visioning workshop” meeting of the core group will be held in Washington on June 10-11. A select group of senior executives from utilities and IPPs have been invited (Duke, AEP, SMUD, Enron, Trigen, Onsite, Edison Int’l, Calif Energy Commission). At this stage, DOE wants only top level people to attend (CEO’s, Sr. VPs, etc.) and not lower level representatives.

Participation will be broadened to other groups later on, in a series of RD&D planning workshops. Drafts will be circulated for comments.

Initial Implementation Team:
– Victor Der (Fossil Energy) 301-903-2700, victor.der@hq.doe.gov
– Doug Carter (Fossil Energy) 202-586-9684, douglas.carter@hq.doe.gov
– William Parks (Energy Effic/Renew) 202-586-2093, william.parks@hq.doe.gov
– Joe Galdo (Energy Effic/Renew) 202-586-0518, joseph.galdo@hq.doe.gov
– Trevor Cook (Nuclear Energy) 301-903-7046, trevor.cook@hq.doe.gov
– Gil Gilliland (Oak Ridge) 423-574-9920, ig7@ornl.gov
– **Richard Scheer (Energetics, Inc.) 202-479-2748, rscheer@energeticsinc.com
**suggested point of contact

(See New Technology Week, March 2, 1998 for additional background).

Note: Due to the potential impact on national research priorities, UFTO companies should be aware of these planning exercises and may want to offer their input and participation at the appropriate time. I am in contact with the organizers, and they are aware of our interest.

E-Beam Stack Gas Scrubbing

May 3, 1998/0 Comments/in Research, UFTO Notes /by beardsworth

This might be titled, “Son of Ebara”, for those of you familiar with the history. It appears that dramatically better performance may be possible.

This text was provided to me by a private development group with access and connections to the new e-beam technology that is mentioned. I’ve edited the letter to remove some of the proprietary details. Even so, important ideas are disclosed. I would ask that you be especially careful not share it with anyone outside your company (as with all UFTO materials). If you’re seriously interested in pursuing this, I will put you in touch with the sources.

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Below, please, find a short overview of both old and new developments in e-beam processing of industrial exhaust gases.

E-Beam Processing of Industrial Exhaust Gases

— Background
In the past few years new methods of decomposition of VOCs as well as inorganic compounds in flue gases have been developed, primarily involving low-temperature, non-equilibrium plasmas used to selectively decompose organic molecules. The high concentration of electrons, ions, excited species and radicals make these plasmas well suited for driving decomposition reactions that otherwise could be initiated only at very high gas temperature.

Such plasma methods are of particular interest in the decomposition of dilute concentrations of halogenated organic compounds in carrier gas streams such as dry or wet (about 10% relative humidity) air. This type of gaseous waste stream is encountered for example in vapor extraction from soil, air stripping from contaminated water and air pollution control.

Low temperature, non-equilibrium plasmas can be generated by electron beams. They operate at atmospheric pressure in large volumes and in a highly controllable fashion making very high throughput possible. It has been also demonstrated that electron beam becomes even more efficient in decomposition of certain VOCs when combined with certain type of electrical discharge.
Advantages of e-beam induced decomposition over thermal processes become even more pronounced at dilute concentrations of VOCs in the exhaust gases. Because of the high non-equilibrium level of ionization and the selectivity of plasma-chemical decomposition processes the energy required for a given decomposition of dilute concentrations of “electron hungry” VOCs can be 10 to 100 times less than in thermal processes such as incineration, where energy is channeled to all molecules in the gaseous waste stream.

— The EBARA Experience
The Electron Beam Dry Scrubbing (EBDS) process has been first proposed as an efficient method for the simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx from industrial flue gas in early 1970s. In this process, the e-beam energy generates high concentration of oxidants (OH, HO2, O3) converting SO2 and NOx to nitric and sulfuric acid which in turn form solid powder of ammonium nitrate and sulfate in the presence of added ammonia (NH3).

The Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute and the University of Tokyo have carried out the first research on EBDS in 1970. Follow up technical development by EBARA Corporation lead to the first 10,000 Nm3/hr pilot plant built for a sintering plant at Yahata Works Nippon Steel Corp in 1977. At this plant a flue gas at temperatures T=70-90 C containing 200 ppm of SO2 and 180 ppm of NOx has been treated by 2 x 750keV/45kW e-beam accelerators.

In the US the first and only EBARA-process demonstration unit with a maximum flow rate of 30,000 Nm3/hr has been put in operation in June 1985 at a coal fired power plant in Indianapolis, Indiana. At this plant 2 x 800 keV/80kW electron accelerators has been employed treating 1,000 ppm of SO2 and 400 ppm of NOx in a flue gas at temperatures T=66-150 C.

In December 1985 a 20,000 Nm3/hr pilot plant has been built at Badenwerk, Karlsruhe, FRG at 550 MW coal fired facility employing two 300KeV/90 kW accelerators to treat 50-500 ppm of SO2 and 300-500 ppm of NOx in 70-100 C exhaust gas. In early 1990s similar e-beam treatment pilot units have been built in China, Poland and Russia.

One of the main limitations of EBARA process has been a considerable energy requirement for oxidation of SO2/NOx in an air stream, which amounts in average to about 10 eV/molecule. For a coal fired 300 MW electrical power plant this translates to 12 MW (4% of the electrical power generated by the plant required e-beam power. Back in 1980s the most powerful accelerators were below 100 kW, so 12 MW installation would require 120 x100 kW accelerators and the total accelerator costs in the access of $180 mln. were prohibiting.

— What’s New
A new generation of powerful accelerators manufactured in Russia which can deliver 1MW of e-beam power for the cost of about $1.5 million per unit, can already reduce cost of EBARA process by order of magnitude.

Moreover, a synergetic approach combining electrical discharge and electron beam may allow another tenfold decrease in flue gas processing cost. This is done by essentially substituting much less expensive power of corona discharge for most of the expensive e-beam power. This process maintains all the advantages of e-beam processing such as stability of operation and uniform treatment of large volumes and high mass flows of flue gas — for a fraction of cost compare with e-beam treatment alone. Note that corona discharge alone, without e-beam stimulating effect, suffers from intrinsic non-uniformities and instabilities which greatly reduce its efficiency for industrial scale applications.

Experiments on SO2 oxidation in e-beam stimulated corona discharge have been conducted. We were investigating the plasma chemical processes in an electron beam driven plasma reactor for efficient decomposition of SO2 , NOx or any VOC in carrier gases at atmospheric pressures.

The reactor used an electron beam to stimulate corona discharge at sub-breakdown pulsed electric field. A combination of e-beam and superimposed electrical field in the form of stimulated corona discharge creates plasma with highly controllable electron density and temperature and therefore highly controllable chemical reaction rates.

Synergetic effect of SO2 decomposition by the combined action of e-beam and corona discharge was estimated by the coefficient K equal to the ratio of the discharge energy Wc, consumed from high-voltage source, to the energy Wb deposited by electron beam within the volume of the discharge:
K = Wc / Wb

It has been demonstrated that under certain experimental conditions the energy of discharge consumed from high-voltage source can exceed e-beam energy input by more than 300 times. In other words, a low cost high-voltage rectifier instead of a high-cost electron accelerator provided about 99.7% of the flue gas ionization energy. As a result the same SO2 decomposition effect in e-beam stimulated corona discharge can be achieved with 300 times lower e-beam power compare with irradiation by e-beam alone.

There some indications that shorter e-beam pulses and higher discharge threshold voltage Umax may also lead to the significant decrease of energy cost per oxidation of one SO2 molecule from a typical value of 10 eV/mol down to 3 or even 1eV/mol. However, even at the lower Umax values rather efficient SO2 oxidation process is taking place.

The main purpose of these initial experiments on SO2 oxidation was to demonstrate significance of synergetic effect in e-beam stimulated corona discharge. Discovered synergetic effect allows efficient SO2 decomposition under the conditions when only 0.3% of the total ionization energy is provided by an electron beam with the rest coming from a low cost electrical discharge. Further experiments are necessary to determine the optimum conditions for most efficient decomposition of SO2./NOx mixtures, as well as VOCs in industrial exhaust gases.

We are open to any form of collaboration with a US utility company or research organization, which would enable us to continue these very promising experiments.

I look forward to your comments and suggestions.

DOE Selects Potential Breakthrough Approaches for Carbon Sequestration

April 30, 1998/0 Comments/in Research, UFTO Notes /by beardsworth

Forwarding announcement directly from DOE Fossil website. If you have any difficulty receiving it in your email system and would like a text copy, let me know. You can also use the URL below to go directly to the website.

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Issued on April 29, 1998
DOE Selects Potential Breakthrough Approaches For Removing Greenhouse Gases from Ecosystem

From Super Algae to Deep Ocean Carbon Disposal

The Department of Energy (DOE) has selected an initial group of research projects to pursue a goal that could ultimately determine the long-range future of global fossil fuel use — the inexpensive capture and permanent disposal of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. These cutting-edge research projects range from the use of carbon dioxide absorbing algae to deep-ocean greenhouse gas disposal.

The selected projects include a diverse mix of novel concepts, including the use of CO2-absorbing algae growing on artificial reefs or encased in bioscrubbers; the disposal of greenhouse gases in deep aquifers or on the ocean floor; and innovative chemical processes and membranes that separate CO2 from the flue gases of fossil fuel power plants and factories. Each project will receive approximately $50,000 for the initial phase. Projects that proceed into later development phases could receive up to $1.5 million each.
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http://www.fe.doe.gov/techline/tl_novelseq.html
—
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| ** UFTO ** Edward Beardsworth ** Consultant
| 951 Lincoln Ave. tel 650-328-5670
| Palo Alto CA 94301-3041 fax 650-328-5675
| http://www.ufto.com edbeards@ufto.com
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U.S. Department of Energy [Home | Site Index | Search | Help]

[DOE FOSSIL ENERGY TECHLINE]

Issued on April 29, 1998

DOE Selects Potential Breakthrough Approaches For Removing Greenhouse Gases from Ecosystem From Super Algae to Deep Ocean Carbon Disposal

The Department of Energy (DOE) has selected an initial group of research projects to pursue a goal that could ultimately determine the long-range future of global fossil fuel use — the inexpensive capture and permanent disposal of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. These cutting-edge research projects range from the use of carbon dioxide absorbing algae to deep-ocean greenhouse gas disposal.

Secretary of Energy Federico Pena today announced grants to 12 research teams that will begin exploring whether practical, affordable methods can be developed to prevent carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases from building up in the atmosphere.

“Such processes could be the revolutionary breakthroughs that break the link between the world’s use of fossil fuels and concerns over global climate change,” said Pena. “We are beginning the first steps today, but if the path leads to realistic technologies, it may become much easier for the United States and other nations to implement effective greenhouse gas reduction strategies.”

The selected projects include a diverse mix of novel concepts, including the use of CO2-absorbing algae growing on artificial reefs or encased in bioscrubbers; the disposal of greenhouse gases in deep aquifers or on the ocean floor; and innovative chemical processes and membranes that separate CO2 from the flue gases of fossil fuel power plants and factories. Each project will receive approximately $50,000 for the initial phase. Projects that proceed into later development phases could receive up to $1.5 million each.

Secretary Pe–a kicked off the new effort last September in a speech at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh where he called on the nation’s scientific and technical community to “look beyond what is currently feasible” and develop breakthrough concepts for sequestering or recycling greenhouse gases. Sixty-two proposals responded to the challenge and 12 were selected.

In the President’s FY 1999 budget proposal, DOE has recommended expanding carbon sequestration research efforts with activities focusing on both the science of carbon management, and the application of innovative techniques for removing and permanently storing carbon gases.

Following is a brief description of the projects.

* Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge, LA
: Dr. Charles E. Graham, (504) 388-3386

Project: “PH-Neutral Concrete for Attached Microalgae and Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Fixation” (Abstract) – Louisiana State University will study the capture of CO2 by microalgae supported on artificial reefs. These reefs would be manufactured with cement products especially tailored for microalgae attachment. The novel aspect is the use of supercritical CO2 to neutralize the alkaline cement mixture. After this treatment, the cement has a near neutral pH, which allows immediate attachment of pH-sensitive marine microalgae to the artificial reef. Attached microalgae and algae beds on reefs are 20 times more efficient for CO2 fixation compared to algae in the open ocean when considered on an area basis. A portion of the carbon in the biomass produced will be permanently sequestered in the deep-ocean.

* McDermott Technologies, Inc., Alliance, OH
: Mr. Ray L. Posey, (303) 829-7422

Project: “Large-Scale CO2 Transportation and Deep Ocean Sequestration” (Abstract) – McDermott Technology Inc., in collaboration with the Hawaii National Energy Institute at the University of Hawaii, will study the viability of large-scale CO2 transportation and deep ocean storage. Phase I activities include a technical and preliminary economic feasibility study of a large-scale CO2 transportation and disposal system, focused on extending the application of pipe-laying technology well beyond the current depth limit of 1300 meters. Emphasis will be placed on injection at depths of 3000 meters or more to avoid adverse environmental impacts. Two options will be examined for transporting and disposing the captured CO2. In one case, CO2 will be pumped from a land-based collection center through a long pipeline laying on the ocean floor. Another case will consider oceanic tanker transport of liquid CO2 to an offshore floating platform on a barge for vertical injection to the ocean floor. Future work will focus on the analytical and experimental simulations of liquid CO2 dissolution and dispersion, laboratory-scale corrosion testing, and further conceptual and engineering evaluation of transportation and disposal options.

* Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC
: Mr. Dave Obringer, (919) 541-7081

Project: “Recovery of Carbon Dioxide in Advanced Fossil Processes Using a Membrane Reactor” (Abstract) – Research Triangle Institute will develop an inorganic, palladium-based membrane device that reforms hydrocarbon fuels to mixtures of hydrogen and CO2 and, at the same time, separates the high-value hydrogen. The remaining gas, predominantly CO2, is recovered in a compressed form. The hydrogen could be used in future fuel cell systems or advanced turbine power systems. Pure hydrogen, when burned to generate power, produces water vapor as the only product of combustion. The proposed work will be conducted in three phases. Phase I will demonstrate the electroless plating techniquefor depositing palladium on a ceramic substrate and will develop a membrane reactor module. Phase II will involve reforming reaction and hydrogen separation experiments in the bench scale test facility. Phase II will demonstrate the technology at the proof-of-concept scale.

* Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI
: Ms. Anita Quinn, (906) 487-2225

Project: “Low Cost Bioscrubber for Greenhouse Gas Control” (Abstract) – Michigan Technological University proposes a novel, algae growing bioscrubber that could be retrofitted to existing power plants or applied to new power plants. By optimizing the photosynthetic conditions for the algae in the scrubber, algae can grow rapidly, consuming CO2 and, perhaps, other greenhouse gases. Mature algae will be harvested and processed to produce value-added products and energy. Using a plant that generates 100 megawatts of electricity each hour, researchers estimate that about 800 million kilowatt hours of electricity can be generated annually from the biomass produced in a bioscrubber.

* University of North Dakota Energy and Environmental Research Center, Grand Forks, ND
: Mr. Edwin Olson, (701) 777-4278

Project: “Novel Systems for Sequestering and Utilizing CO2” (Abstract) – The Energy and Environmental Research Center of the University of North Dakota will develop new chemistry and catalysts to convert CO2 to useful polymers in industrial quantities. Polymers having different properties will be synthesized for specific end uses. For example, water soluble polymers with high viscosities could be produced for enhanced oil recovery projects, while others could be developed for use in strong structural resins or ion-exchange materials. The proposal envisions novel, solar-powered photoreactors that use sunlight for converting CO2 to simple alcohols for subsequent polymer synthesis.

* Northwest Fuel Development, Inc., Lake Oswego, OR
: Dr. Peet M. Soot, (503) 699-9836

Project: “Sequential Carbon Dioxide Removal from Stack Gases and Sequestration Using Coal Seams” (Abstract) – Northwest Fuel Development, Inc. (NW Fuel) will develop a unique system for removing and sequestering CO2 by injecting power plant flue gas into abandoned coal mines and using the residual coal in the mines to filter out and retain the carbon dioxide. Reducing the pressure in the undeground mines would release the concentrated carbon dioxide, allowing it to be compressed and injected into underlying deep unmineable coal seams. Most of the coal-fired power plants in the U.S. are located in or near coal basins, which could be suitable for this type of processing. This multi-phased effort will be conducted at the Nelms Mine site in Harrison County, Ohio. The initial portion of the effort will consist of a technical and economic feasibility analysis of the process. Laboratory and bench scale tests will take place in Phase II, and a field demonstration unit will be built and operated at the Nelms Mine during Phase III.

* The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
: Ms. Yvonne Murray, (512) 471-2338

Project: “Optimal Geological Environments for Carbon Dioxide Disposal in Saline Aquifers in the U.S.” (Abstract) – Saline aquifers have great potential for the long-term sequestration of greenhouse gas emissions including CO2. This study will help fill the information gap between studies using idealized aquifers and the often poorly known properties of real aquifers. This effort will develop a data base of saline aquifers in the U.S. where geological conditions promote the greatest probability of success of CO2 sequestration projects. Standard techniques for hydrocarbon exploration and development such as reservoir characterization and geological formation analysis will be used to make these predictions.

* Battelle, Columbus, OH
: Mr. Ralph Henricks, (614) 424-5693

Project: “Experimental Evaluation of Chemical Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide in Deep Aquifer Media” (Abstract) – The disposal mechanism to be studied in this project involves deep-well injection of supercritical phase CO2 in aquifers that are deeper than 800m and have no known economic resources. Battelle will conduct basic research on aquifer processes. Researchers will perform a series of laboratory experiments to determine the chemical processes controlling the fate of injected CO2 in different aquifer settings. The major focus will be on the potential resources for disposal in the Midwest United States in a region with one of the highest CO2 emission rates in the nation.

* Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, PA
: Mr. S. M. Morris, (610) 481-8282

* Tampa Electric Company, Tampa, FL
: Mr. Charles R. Black, (813) 228-4111

Project: “The Removal and Recovery of Carbon Dioxide from Syngas and Acid Gas Streams in an IGCC Power Plant for the Reduction of Greenhouse Gases” (Abstract) – Tampa Electric’s Polk Power Station, built as part of the joint government-industry Clean Coal Technology Program, is a state-of-the-art 250 MW(e) Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant. IGCC power technology provides an ideal opportunity for CO2 capture when oxygen rather than air is used. Coal-derived gas is produced in a highly-concentrated, pressurized form that allows for the use of a variety of solvents that can capture CO2 from the gas stream prior to combustion. Engineering studies will be performed to evaluate the technical and economic merits of alternative systems that could be demonstrated at the Polk Power Station. In Phase III and beyond, the selected recovery system would be built and operated at the plant.

: Mr. John D. Wright, (303) 422-7819

Project: “A Novel CO2 Separation System” (Abstract) – TDA Research, Inc., proposes a “Sorbent Energy Transfer System” in which the fossil fuel (gasified coal or natural gas) transfers its energy to reduce a metal oxide, producing steam and high-pressure CO2 that can be sequestered with little additional compression energy. The steam would be used to drive a steam turbine to produce electricity. The metal is then reoxidized in air, producing heat to raise the temperature of a high-pressure stream of air or nitrogen to drive a gas turbine to generate more electricity. The oxidized metal is sent to the reducing vessel to repeat the cycle.

* Institute for Environmental Management, Inc. (IEM), Palo Alto, CA-
: Mr. Don Augenstein, (650) 856-2850
Project: “Landfill Operation for Carbon Sequestration and Maximum Methane Emission Control” (Abstract) – Working at the Yolo County Central Landfill outside Davis, CA, the Institute for Environmental Management, Inc., will study a way to accelerate the production of methane from landfills and capture the methane using surface membrane covers. Methane is a strong greenhouse gas with approximately 20 times as much greenhouse effect as CO2. The project, to be conducted cooperatively with Yolo County and the California Energy Commission, will involve two demonstration cells at the landfill, each containing approximately 9000 tons of waste. Techniques will be applied to promote decay of the landfill waste to provide more rapid and complete methane generation. A gas-impermeable membrane will be used as a cover over the landfill to prevent the methane from escaping into the atmosphere. Gas-permeable layers in the cover will conduct the methane to a collection point.

For additional information, contact:
Robert C. Porter, (202) 586-6503 e-mail: robert.porter@hq.doe.gov

12th Ann. Conf Fossil Energy Materials

April 29, 1998/0 Comments/in Research, UFTO Notes /by beardsworth

Just obtained the program for this upcoming conference..
http://www.ornl.gov/fossil/FEP_WCon.html

Twelfth Annual Conference on Fossil Energy Materials

Knoxville, Tennessee
May 12-14, 1998

The Twelfth Annual Conference on Fossil Energy Materials will review the work performed by the Fossil Energy Advanced Research and Technology Development (AR&TD) Materials Program. The AR&TD Materials Program provides needed long-range research in areas not addressed by the Department of Energy line programs and focuses on the unique needs of fossil energy systems which cannot be met by currently available materials. The intent of the AR&TD Materials Program is to provide major materials developments that can dramatically affect the feasibility of some fossil energy systems concepts. Research is conducted at national and government laboratories, universities, and industrial research facilities.

Current research activities will be described in oral presentations and posters by the researchers working on the AR&TD Materials Program. These technical presentations will address research on ceramic composites, iron aluminide alloys, advanced high-temperature alloys, and functional materials such as inorganic membranes, filters, activated carbon absorbents, and solid oxide fuel cells. Several developments are in the demonstration and commercialization stage. The status of these technology transfer activities will be presented.

Conference Details
The Twelfth Annual Conference on Fossil Energy Materials, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and ORNL, will be held May 12-14, 1998, at the Hilton Knoxville, 501 West Church Avenue, Knoxville, Tennessee. Your registration fee of $150 (in U.S. dollars) includes: continental breakfast, refreshment breaks, a buffet reception, the extended abstracts, and a copy of the proceedings mailed to the registrants after the meeting.
The registration fee of $150 (in U.S. dollars) is due on or before May 1, 1998 and is non-refundable after May 1. Credit cards are not accepted.
A block of rooms is reserved until April 15, 1997, at the Hilton Knoxville (423-523-2300) at a rate of $64 per night plus tax. When making your reservations, please mention the Conference on Fossil Energy Materials.
For more information, please contact the conference coordinator, Judy Fair, at 423-576-7270 (fax: 423-574-5812).

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PRELIMINARY PROGRAM
CONFERENCE ON FOSSIL ENERGY MATERIALS
Knoxville, Tennessee
May 12-14, 1998

SESSION I – Ceramic Composites and Functional Materials

Tuesday, May 12, 1998

7:00 Registration and Continental Breakfast
8:00 Welcome and Introductory Remarks, Program Managers, DOE and ORNL
8:20 Keynote Address – Marvin I. Singer,
Sr Advisor for Advanced Research,Office of Fossil Energy, DOE
8:40 Invited Speaker – Deborah Haught, Program Manager
Ceramic Fiber-Reinforce Ceramic Composites,
Office of Industrial Technologies, DOE
9:00 Development of Oxidation-Resistant Composite Materials and Interfaces
R.A. Lowden, ORNL
9:30 Environmental Barrier Coatings
J. A. Haynes, ORNL
10:00 BREAK

10:20 Corrosion Protection of SiC Based Ceramics with CVD Mullite Coatings
V. Sarin, Boston University
10:50 Iron-Aluminide Filters for IGCCs and PFBCs
P. F. Tortorelli, ORNL
11:20 Exposure Testing of Materials at Galatin Power Plant
J. L. Blough, Foster Wheeler
11:50 LUNCH

1:15 Development of Nondestructive Eval Methods for Structural Ceramics
W. A. Ellingson, Argonne National Lab
1:45 Mechanical Performance of Hi-Nicalon/CVI-SiC Composites with Multilayer SiC/C Interfaces
W. A. Curtin,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ
2:15 Modification of Slags and Monolithic Refractories to Reduce Corrosion Rates
J. P. Hurley Univ of N Dakota Energy & Environ Research Center
2:45 BREAK
3:00 Corrosion and Mechanical Properties of alloys in FBC and Mixed-Gas Environments
K. Natesan,Argonne National Lab
3:30 Solid State Electrolyte Systems
L. R. Pederson, Pacific Northwest Lab
4:00 Ceramic Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen Separation
D. F. Fain, East Tennessee Technology Park

4:30 ADJOURN

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SESSION II – Ceramic, New Alloys, and Functional Materials

Tuesday, May 12, 1998
5:30 – 7:30 p.m.

POSTER PRESENTATIONS – BUFFET RECEPTION

Development of Scale-Up CVI System for Tubular Geometries
T. M. Besmann, ORNL
Mass Transport Measurements and Modeling for Chemical Vapor Infiltration
T. L. Starr, Georgia Institute of Technology
Thermal Cycling Characteristics of Plasma Synthesized Mullite Films
I. Brown, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
A Carbon Fiber Based Monolithic Adsorbent for Gas Separation
T. D. Burchell, ORNL
Mechanisms of Defect Complex Formation and Environmental-Assisted Fracture Behavior of Iron Aluminides
B. R. Cooper, West Virginia University
Study of Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Cr2Nb-Based Alloys: Phase Stability in Nb-Cr-Ni Ternary Systems
P. Liaw, Univ of Tennessee
Weld Overlay Cladding With Iron Aluminides
G. M. Goodwin, ORNL
High Temperature Corrosion Behavior of Iron-Aluminide Alloys and Coatings
P. F. Tortorelli, ORNL
Electro-Spark Deposition Technology
R. N. Johnson, Pacific Northwest Lab
Poster
R. Walters, Albany Research Center
Oxide-Dispersion-Strengthened Fe3Al-Based Alloy Tubes
B. K. Kad, Univ of California at San Diego
Reduction in Defect Content of ODS Alloys
A. R. Jones, Univ of Liverpool
Low-Aluminum Content Iron Aluminum Alloys
V. K. Sikka, ORNL
Mo-Si Alloy Development
J. H. Schneibel, ORNL

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SESSION III –
Workshop on Materials for Separation Processes for Vision 21 Systems

Wednesday, May 13, 1998

7:00 Registration and Continental Breakfast

8:00 Speaker: William Fulkerson
President’s Committee of Advisors on Science and
Technology (PCAST) Energy R&D Panel – Chairman
Fossil Energy Committee
8:30 Speaker: Howard Feibus, Director
Office of Advanced Research, Fossil Energy, DOE
This year’s workshop will focus on separations issues particularly
as they apply to the FE Vision 21 concept. Although Vision 21 embodies
several technologies in yet-to-be-defined configurations, materials
for separations systems will be critical to any and all of the
possible technology elements of a Vision 21 plant. Separations process
include, among others, gas-gas separations, such as the separation of
hydrogen from synthesis gas or from carbon dioxide, air separation to
produce oxygen, and gas-solid separation devices, i.e., hot-gas
filters. Representatives from companies working on Vision 21
technologies will establish a commercial perspective for the
separations processes and materials required for these systems. The
objective of the workshop will be to establish the highest priority
materials developments for these separations systems, and determine
how well the AR&TD Materials Program is addressing these priorities.

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SESSION IV – New Alloys

Thursday, May 14, 1998

7:30 Registration and Continental Breakfast

8:00 Welcome and Introductory Remarks
8:10 Speaker:
John Stringer, Executive Technical Fellow
Strategic Science and Technology, EPRI
8:30 Development of ODS Fe3Al Alloys
I.G. Wright, ORNL
9:00 The Influence of Processing on Microstructure and Properties of Iron Aluminides
R. N. Wright, Idaho National Engineering Lab
9:30 Iron Aluminide Weld Overlay Coatings for Boiler Tube Protection in Coal-fired Low NOx Boilers
J. N. DuPont, Lehigh University
10:00 BREAK
10:15 Corrosion Performance of Iron Aluminides in Fossil Energy Environments
K. Natesan, Argonne National Lab
10:45 Effects of Titanium and Zirconium on Iron Aluminide Weldments,
G. R. Edwards Colorado School of Mines
11:15 Microstructure of Mechanical Behavior of Alumina Scales and Coatings
P. F. Tortorelli ORNL
11:45 LUNCH
1:15 Investigation of Austenitic Alloys for Advanced Heat Recovery and Hot-Gas Cleanup Systems
R. W. Swindeman, ORNL
1:45 Fireside Corrosion Testing of Candidate Superheater Tube Alloys, Coatings, and Claddings – Phase II
J. L. Blough, Foster Wheeler Development Corporation
2:15 Processing of Advanced Austenitics for Recuperator Service
P. J. Maziasz, ORNL
2:45 Ultrahigh Temperature Intermetallic Alloys
C. T. Liu and M. Brady, ORNL
3:15 SHS Processing and Properties of Intermetallic Alloys and Composites
W. Riley,Albany Research Center
3:45 ADJOURN

DOE 11 Lab Study on technology, greenhouse gases

April 27, 1998/0 Comments/in Research, UFTO Notes /by beardsworth

At long last, DOE’s “11 Lab” study has been released.
The DOE press release is attached below.

The report is on the web (pdf acrobat format) at
http://www.ornl.gov/climate_change

Oak Ridge will have hardcopies available shortly.
Contact Brenda Campbell, 423-574-4333, xbd@ornl.com

Here’s a part of an UFTO Note (11/97).
————-
The work began in June 96 following Clinton’s speech to the U.N. Each of the 11 labs that worked on the study took the lead on a specific technology area, such as efficiency in buildings, efficiency in transportation, fossil power generation, nuclear, renewables, cross-cutting areas, basic research, and carbon sequestration. It was a bottom-up effort, looking in depth at the technology itself. There was no analytical modelling of the overall energy system or economy.

NREL and ORNL were the lead labs for the effort, with direction and involvement at the lab director level.

The report concludes that science and technology can do a lot, but that appropriate policies and funding are needed for commercialization. Appendices detail 50 separate technology categories, with order-of-magnitude range estimates of carbon emission reductions to the year 2030 and beyond. ————

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| ** UFTO ** Edward Beardsworth ** Consultant
| 951 Lincoln Ave. tel 650-328-5670
| Palo Alto CA 94301-3041 fax 650-328-5675
| http://www.ufto.com edbeards@ufto.com
————————————————————–

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 22, 1998

WIDE RANGE OF TECHNOLOGIES COULD REDUCE GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS, STUDY FINDS

National Laboratories Highlight Pathways to Cleaner Environment

The United States has many options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through new, cleaner energy technologies, the directors of 11 of the Department of Energy’s national laboratories conclude in a study released today. The directors recommend aggressively developing a wide range of technologies over the next several decades.

The directors’ report, Technology Opportunities to Reduce U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions, outlines almost 50 technology pathways that could eliminate the emissions of hundreds of millions of tons of carbon per year. They include such near-term practical technologies as electric hybrid vehicles, high-efficiency lighting, super-insulating windows, and passive solar heating and cooling of buildings. They also include mid-term to longer term technologies that need further development, such as fuel cells for transportation, microturbines, broad use of biomass fuels and hydrogen-fueled energy systems.

“Technologies already being developed by industry and by national laboratories are key to meeting President Clinton’s challenge to reduce greenhouse gases while contributing to economic growth,” said Secretary of Energy Federico Pe–a. “This report lays out what we need to do to bring our nation’s best scientific and engineering talent to bear on solving this problem. With the support of American consumers and businesses, we can have a major impact on the kind of world we leave for future generations.”

The 11 laboratory directors recommend that the federal government lead a vigorous national push to develop energy technologies during the next three decades to achieve a major reduction in the risk of global warming. While the study does not recommend specific funding levels for technology research, development and deployment, it estimates some increases will be needed to push critical technologies to the commercialization stage. A report issued last year by the President’s Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology reached a similar conclusion about the need for increased investment in energy research and development. Also, government-industry partnerships are essential, the laboratory study says, to overcome scientific, technical and commercial challenges to developing the recommended technologies.

The United States emits 23 percent of the world’s carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Some 90 percent of those emissions come from energy use, and about 85 percent of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere comes from burning fossil fuels. The study examines technologies that can reduce emissions in three ways — by using energy more efficiently, reducing the amount of carbon released through energy use and increasing the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere.

Technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions will become available at different times over the next 30 years, according to the study. In the first decade, significant advances in energy efficiency technologies — such as in appliances, heating and cooling systems, and transportation — would produce the greatest reductions in emissions. During the following 10 years, research-based advances in clean energy technologies could greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These could include high-efficiency natural gas systems, renewable energy such as solar and wind, and fuel cells. And by 2030, research in carbon sequestration — carbon storage, carbon absorption and carbon removal by oceans, forests and soils — could produce valuable results.

The study stresses the importance of pursuing a number of technologies at each stage to provide choices and flexibility for energy users. The 47 options the lab directors recommend cover almost all sectors of the economy, including buildings, industry, transportation and agriculture.

Admiral Richard Truly, director of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and Dr. Alvin Trivelpiece, director of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, co-chaired the technology study. The participating labs were Argonne National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Federal Energy Technology Center, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories.

NOTE: The study, Technology Opportunities to Reduce U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions, is on the World Wide Web at: http://www.ornl.gov/climate_change The files are in PDF format and can be read in Acrobat Reader.
-DOE-

R-98-051

DOE 11 Lab Study on technology, greenhouse gases

April 27, 1998/0 Comments/in Research, UFTO Notes /by beardsworth

Subject: UFTO Note – DOE 11 Lab Study on technology, greenhouse gases
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 1998

At long last, DOE’s “11 Lab” study has been released. The DOE press release is attached below.

The report is on the web (pdf acrobat format) at http://www.ornl.gov/climate_change

Oak Ridge will have hardcopies available shortly.

Contact Brenda Campbell, 423-574-4333, xbd@ornl.com

Here’s a part of an UFTO Note (11/97).

————-

The work began in June 96 following Clinton’s speech to the U.N. Each of the 11 labs that worked on the study took the lead on a specific technology area, such as efficiency in buildings, efficiency in transportation, fossil power generation, nuclear, renewables, cross-cutting areas, basic research, and carbon sequestration. It was a bottom-up effort, looking in depth at the technology itself. There was no analytical modelling of the overall energy system or economy.

NREL and ORNL were the lead labs for the effort, with direction and involvement at the lab director level.

The report concludes that science and technology can do a lot, but that appropriate policies and funding are needed for commercialization. Appendices detail 50 separate technology categories, with order-of-magnitude range estimates of carbon emission reductions to the year 2030 and beyond.